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Treaty grants Mexican independence
On this day in 1821, Juan O'Donoju met Agustín de Iturbide in Córdoba
and signed a treaty granting Mexico independence from Spain. The treaty
ended the Mexican War of Independence, which grew out of political
turmoil in Spain and Mexico in the early nineteenth century. Father
Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla formally began the rebellion with his famous
grito on September 16, 1810, from the steps of his parish church in
Dolores, a small town east of Guanajuato. Only in Texas, however, which
in the summer of 1812 suffered an invasion from the United States under
the leadership of José Bernardo Gutiérrez de Lara and Augustus Magee,
was royal authority seriously threatened. In August 1813, Gen. Joaquín
de Arredondo defeated the rebels at the battle of Medina and secured
Texas for the Spanish crown. The struggle for independence broke down
into a series of local revolts and guerrilla actions that did not
seriously threaten royal authority in Mexico until 1820, when the
formerly royalist officer Iturbide came to terms with insurgent leader
Vicente R. Guerrero. By July 1821, when O'Donoju arrived to take over
the colonial government, the royalists controlled only Mexico City and
Veracruz.
- Links to Related Handbook of Texas Online Articles
- MEXICAN WAR OF INDEPENDENCE
- HIDALGO Y COSTILLA, MIGUEL
- GUTIERREZ-MAGEE EXPEDITION
- ARREDONDO, JOAQUIN DE
- MEDINA, BATTLE OF
- ITURBIDE, AGUSTIN DE
- GUERRERO, VICENTE RAMON
- SPANISH TEXAS
- Other Texas Day by Day Articles for This Date
- Flood destroys West Texas town (1882)
- Military hero begins long Congressional career (1946)
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