MADERA CANYON. Madera Canyon heads on the northwestern flank of Mount Livermore sixteen miles north of Fort Davis in west central Jeff Davis County (at 30°38' N, 104°10' W) and runs northeast for forty miles before meeting Big Aguja Canyon to form Toyah Creek two miles southwest of Toyahvale and Balmorhea State Recreation Area in southwestern Reeves County (at 30°56' N, 103°49' W). Through Madera Canyon flows an intermittent stream. The canyon traverses rugged terrain surfaced by shallow, stony soils that support Mexican buckeye, walnut, persimmon, desert willow, scrub brush, and sparse grasses. Madera is Spanish for "wood."