TAIMAMAR INDIANS. This name and eight similar names-Tasmamar, Teimamar, Teneinamar, Tenimama, Ticmamar, Ticmanar, Timamar, and Tumamar-have been recorded for Coahuiltecan bands in Texas and Mexico, much to the confusion of anthropologists, historians, and linguists. The basic facts appear to be as follows. The Bosque-Larios expedition^qv of 1675 entered Texas near the site of present Eagle Pass and penetrated the southwestern part of the Edwards Plateau (future Maverick, Kinney, and Edwards counties). At one point this expedition encountered Tenimama (Teneinamar in another version) Indians, and at another point they met Teimamar (Taimamar and Tumamar in other versions) Indians. Unless the scribe of this expedition was careless, this indicates two separate bands in the area with similar names. In 1683 Teimamar Indians were reported as living much farther west, between the sites of Durango, Mexico, and Presidio, Texas. In 1716 Ticmanars were encountered on the Brazos River of south central Texas. The mission records compound this confusion. Between 1700 and 1718 Ticmamar Indians were recorded in baptismal documents at San Francisco Solano Mission near the site of Eagle Pass, and both Timamar and Ticmamar Indians were listed in the records of San Antonio de Valero Mission at San Antonio (San Francisco Solano was moved to San Antonio in 1718 and renamed San Antonio de Valero). Today it is not possible to determine whether these various names refer to one band, or two, or three, or even nine. J. R. Swanton listed three of these as names for Coahuiltecan bands-Taimamar, Teneinamar, and Tumamar.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: Herbert Eugene Bolton, Texas in the Middle Eighteenth Century (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1915; rpt., Austin: University of Texas Press, 1970). Herbert Eugene Bolton, ed., Spanish Exploration in the Southwest, 1542-1706 (New York: Scribner, 1908; rpt., New York: Barnes and Noble, 1959). Charles W. Hackett, ed., Historical Documents Relating to New Mexico, Nueva Vizcaya, and Approaches Thereto, to 1773 (3 vols., Washington: Carnegie Institution, 1923-37). Frederick Webb Hodge, ed., Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico (2 vols., Washington: GPO, 1907, 1910; rpt., New York: Pageant, 1959). J. R. Swanton, Linguistic Material from the Tribes of Southern Texas and Northeastern Mexico (Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1940).

Thomas N. Campbell