Vetancur gives the population of the northern pueblos in 1680 as follows: Picurís, 3,000; Taos, 2,000; Jemez Nation, 5,000; Tewa Nation, 2,200. He does not estimate the population of Pecos, though Hodge (Handbook of the American Indians, Part 2, 325), places it at 2,000 for that year. The total of all these is over 14,000, and does not necessarily conflict with the estimate made by Otermín and others that the Christian revolters of the entire province numbered 16,000, for it is hardly to be supposed that all the Pueblo Indians were Christianized. With such a force as these northern pueblos alone represented it is not surprising that many of the Indians in the other nations joined in the revolt, who would not otherwise have done so, especially when the invitation from these pueblos was combined with the threat of destruction in case they should refuse.
