Cal. Sen. Jour., 1857, 275-281. The same opinion was expressed by J. W. Denver of California in his speech in Congress on the California land claims. (Cong. Globe, 34 Cong., 1 Sess., 1842.) There was also considerable controversy between the state and federal authorities with regard to the question whether or not the mineral lands were included in the township grant of 1853. The federal authorities contended that the grant contemplated only such townships that could be legally surveyed and divided into sections. But since the mineral lands were excluded from survey by an act of Congress, there could be no such selections upon them. The California authorities, on the other hand, maintained that the Act of 1853 contained no reservation with regard to the mineral lands, and the mining districts were in need of educational facilities just as well as other districts. See Cal. Sen. and Assembly Jours., 1863, 38-44.
