Tohaha Indians

The Tohaha (Teao, Thoaga, Toaa, Toaha, Toao, Tooja, Tohahe, Tohaka, Tuxaha) Indians are not to be confused with the Toho Indians, although they both lived in the same area and were closely associated. Both are generally considered to be Tonkawan groups, but this has never been satisfactorily demonstrated. In the late eighteenth century the Tohahas were most frequently encountered by Europeans on the lower Guadalupe and Colorado rivers (but not near the coast), where they often shared the same settlements with other groups, particularly Cantonas, Cavas, Emets, and Sanas. They were never reported in missions, at least under this name or its variants. Some modern writers have equated the Toyal Indians with the Tohahas. The Tohahas and Toaas have been treated as separate groups, but there is no basis for this separate treatment. The literature makes it clear that these are variant names for the same people.